A major gap in this field is a lack of integration between the agronomy literature and the ecological literature. I think it could be helpful and well-received to address key questions in pest control by integrating evidence from both agronomy and ecology studies. The questions mentioned in other conversations here could be addressed: What is the role of landscape diversity on pest outbreaks? Why do polycultures often result in lower pest populations? We can use these key questions to guide a discussion (i.e., about herbivores, natural enemies, resource concentration and plant defenses) that integrates ecological and agricultural research. We may find that the conumdrum Soroush and Nicholas mention can be explained by a combination of poorly applied theory and oversimplified field experiements. Careful scrutiny and an integrated synthesis of research in both fields might help us explain the seemingly discrepant findings and illucidate future directions for a more integrated approach to pest control research.